许多人在发现尿中带血时都会感到担忧。虽然这绝非正常现象,但并不一定意味着患有肾癌。尿中带血可能由多种原因引起,包括感染、结石和外伤等。
在本文中,OncoCare癌症中心详细分析了该病症的可能原因以及肾癌的其他症状,以帮助读者更清楚地了解导致血尿的潜在原因。
尿中带血,也称为血尿,当肾脏或泌尿道其他部位导致红细胞和白细胞出现在尿液中时,男性和女性都可能出现这种情况。但无需担心,因为大多数人在出现血尿时并不会感到疼痛。
血尿可表现为两种形式:肉眼可见或显微镜下可见。
在某些情况下,尿液中的血液肉眼可见,会使马桶里的水呈现红色或粉红色,或在排尿后留下明显的血迹。而在其他情况下,血细胞含量极少,只有通过实验室检查才能发现。
血尿主要可分为三类:肉眼血尿、镜下血尿和试纸血尿。
虽然肾癌是导致血尿的一种可能原因,但并非唯一原因。多种因素都可能引发这一症状,例如:
血尿可能表现为尿液呈粉红色、红色,甚至可乐色。即使只有极少量的红细胞,也足以使尿液颜色发生显著变化。通常,这一症状不会伴随疼痛,但排出血块可能会让人感到不适。
切勿将血尿与看似混入尿液、实则源自其他部位的血液混为一谈。在女性中,这可能是来自阴道的血液;而在男性中,则可能是由于射精障碍所致,这种情况通常与前列腺问题有关。此外,排便时的血液有时也会被误认为是尿血。
血尿可能发生在任何人身上,从儿童到成人。可能增加患此病风险的因素包括:
If you notice blood in your urine, it's essential not to ignore it. Microscopic amounts might be discovered during routine health screenings, even if not visible to the naked eye. Immediate medical consultation is crucial, particularly if you experience symptoms like pain during urination, unexplained weight loss, or urgency.
需要紧急救治的严重症状包括:
就诊时,您将接受全面的体格检查。您的医疗保健提供者可能会询问症状的起始时间和表现,检查尿液是否有异味或颜色变化,并询问您近期是否食用过可能影响尿液颜色的食物,例如甜菜或浆果。他们还可能会询问近期是否有任何可能影响您症状的病史。
诊断检查可能包括:
根据通过这些诊断方法确定的根本原因,血尿的治疗方案会有所不同。
根据《2021年新加坡癌症登记处年度报告》,在新加坡,肾癌是男性中发病率第七高的癌症。该疾病可能出现尿血、肋骨下方持续性侧腹痛或肾区明显肿胀等症状。
对于出现这些症状的人来说,尽早咨询全科医生至关重要,因为全科医生可以协助转诊至肿瘤专科医生进行进一步评估。
The kidneys can be affected by various cancer types, with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) being the predominant form. Other less common types include transitional cell cancer and Wilms' tumour, which represents a rare paediatric kidney cancer, highlighting the diversity of this disease's manifestations.
There are some signs that may mean you have kidney cancer. Aside from blood in your urine, these include a pain in your side or back that doesn't go away, feeling tired all the time, losing weight without trying, a fever, and swelling in your ankles or legs. If you identify with having these symptoms along with blood in your urine, you should see a doctor right away to be tested for kidney cancer. The earlier the cancer is found, the better the chance of curing it.
肾癌的诊断通常结合血液和尿液检查,这些检查有助于发现异常情况,例如红细胞、细菌或癌细胞的存在。这些初步筛查能为症状的潜在原因提供关键线索。
Treatment for kidney cancer often starts with surgical intervention aimed primarily at removing the tumour. This approach varies based on the cancer's stage and location. For localised kidney cancers, surgery might be the sole treatment required, while advanced stages could necessitate additional therapies.
While it's not entirely possible to prevent kidney cancer due to unknown causes, adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce your risk. Engaging in regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy diet are crucial steps in preventing not only kidney cancer but also other types of chronic diseases.
With 4.2% of men suffering from kidney cancer and the rising prevalence of this disease at approximately 2-3%, it is best to consider visiting a cancer doctor in Singapore if you are experiencing blood in your urine on a regular basis. And while kidney cancer is often thought of as a men's disease, it's important to note that women are also at risk. In fact, kidney cancer is one of the top 10 cancers in women aged 40-49 and 50-59, according to the Singapore Cancer Registry Annual Report 2021. So, if you're a woman experiencing blood in your urine, don't dismiss it either.
我们的肿瘤专科团队致力于为每位患者提供全面且个性化的诊疗服务。在我们的一站式医疗中心,您可以根据个人意愿和需求,选择适合的癌症筛查及治疗方案。欢迎立即预约就诊。
“专业知识意味着更好的癌症护理”
作者:
郑美香博士
医学学士(新加坡)
医学(新加坡)
MRCP(英国)
FAMS(肿瘤内科)