卵巢癌是新加坡女性面臨的一項重大健康隱患，了解這項疾病對於預防、早期發現以及提高治療成功率至關重要。 在這篇資訊豐富的文章中，我們將探討卵巢癌的各個面向，包括其定義、風險因素、預防策略、常見症狀、轉移部位，以及諮詢像 OncoCare 這樣值得信賴的癌症專科醫師的重要性。無論您是為自己或所愛之人尋求資訊，我們的目標都是在面對卵巢癌的過程中，提供寶貴的見解與堅定不移的支持。
To effectively prevent ovarian cancer, it's crucial to be aware of the associated risk factors. While having one or more risk factors doesn't guarantee ovarian cancer, being informed empowers you to make proactive choices for your well-being. Ageing is a significant risk factor, with the majority of ovarian malignancies occurring after menopause, particularly among women aged 63 and older. Family history also plays a role, especially if a close relative has had ovarian cancer due to hereditary mutations. Other factors such as a history of breast cancer, obesity, late pregnancies, hormone replacement therapy after menopause, smoking, and endometriosis are also linked to an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
預防建議：
所幸，有幾種預防措施有助於降低卵巢癌的風險。懷孕和哺乳與較低的患病風險有關，且每次足月妊娠都能進一步降低風險。研究發現，使用口服避孕藥（如避孕藥）也能降低風險，且停藥後仍能持續發揮保護作用。 其他避孕方式，例如輸卵管結紮及短期使用子宮內避孕器（IUD），亦顯示能降低罹患風險。此外，研究發現進行子宮切除術（切除子宮但不切除卵巢）可將卵巢癌風險降低約三分之一。
Recognising the symptoms of ovarian cancer is crucial for early detection and seeking timely medical attention. Common signs to be aware of include abdominal or pelvic pain, persistent bloating, difficulty eating or feeling full quickly, frequent and urgent urination, constipation, an enlarging waistline due to fluid accumulation in the abdomen (ascites), extreme exhaustion or fatigue, acid reflux, pain during intercourse, and changes in menstruation. It is vital to listen to your body and remain vigilant for any unusual or persistent symptoms. If you experience any of these symptoms for two weeks or longer, we strongly advise consulting an ovarian cancer specialist in Singapore. Remember, it's important to note that these symptoms may also be caused by other conditions, but early detection plays a pivotal role in improving treatment success.
卵巢癌可能擴散至體內不同部位，因此了解常見的轉移部位至關重要。此疾病常見的轉移部位包括肝臟、包圍肺部的胸腔積液、脾臟、腸道、腦部、皮膚，以及腹腔外的淋巴結。了解這些轉移部位對於確定最適切的治療方案，以及確保患者獲得全面的照護，扮演著關鍵角色。
手術在卵巢癌的治療中扮演著關鍵角色，主要有兩個目的：切除腫瘤以及確定疾病分期。
對於局限於卵巢的早期卵巢癌，手術程序包括全面切除子宮（子宮切除術）、卵巢、輸卵管（輸卵管卵巢切除術）、大網膜（覆蓋腹部器官的一層脂肪組織）以及腫瘤周圍的淋巴結。 手術過程中，會用生理食鹽水仔細沖洗腹腔，並將收集到的液體及組織樣本置於顯微鏡下檢查，以確定癌症是否已擴散至卵巢以外的區域，這對於判斷癌症分期程度具有重要參考價值。
對於已擴散至卵巢以外的晚期卵巢癌，會進行減瘤手術。減瘤手術的主要目的是盡可能切除腫瘤，力求不留任何癌變組織。相較於術後仍有殘留腫瘤的患者，這種細緻的手術方式能為那些卵巢癌已完全切除的女性帶來更好的治療效果。
化療是一種針對卵巢癌的全身性治療，利用強效藥物鎖定並殺死癌細胞。透過針對體內生長迅速的細胞進行精準打擊，化療旨在阻斷癌細胞的快速增生。雖然化療可能會對健康的快速生長細胞造成附帶損害，但卵巢癌對這種治療方式的反應相當良好。在新加坡的卵巢癌治療中，會根據個別患者的需求及疾病特徵，選用多種化療藥物進行治療。
Each ovarian tumour possesses a unique set of genetic, protein, or other molecular features that drive its growth. Targeted therapy refers to a specialised treatment approach designed to block these specific factors and halt cancer growth. Sometimes referred to as "molecularly targeted drugs," "designer drugs," or "precision medicines," targeted therapy can be employed as a standalone treatment or in combination with other therapies like chemotherapy. By precisely targeting the underlying mechanisms fueling cancer growth, targeted therapy offers a tailored and potentially more effective approach to treating ovarian cancer in Singapore.
某些類型的卵巢癌含有荷爾蒙受體，例如雌激素和／或黃體素受體。這些受體常見於低度惡性卵巢癌，包括低度惡性漿液性卵巢癌和低度惡性子宮內膜樣卵巢癌。荷爾蒙療法透過降低雌激素水平，來延緩或阻止荷爾蒙依賴性癌症的生長。 透過針對腫瘤細胞中的荷爾蒙受體，荷爾蒙療法提供了一種專門的治療方法，能夠有效控制這些特定類型卵巢癌的進展。
在對抗卵巢癌的過程中，尋求像OncoCare這樣值得信賴的癌症專科機構提供的專業照護至關重要，尤其在新加坡，卵巢癌已是女性第五大常見癌症。憑藉我們的專業知識與個人化治療方案，我們能確保早期發現、及時介入，並改善治療成效。 定期接受篩檢並諮詢專業醫師，對於掌握健康狀況並採取主動措施以維護健康至關重要。OncoCare 提供全面的服務與充滿同理心的支持，陪伴您與您的親人走過整個卵巢癌治療歷程。請諮詢新加坡頂尖的卵巢癌專科機構 OncoCare，獲取可靠的指導與個人化治療方案，掌握您的健康主導權。
「專業知識意味著能為癌症患者提供更好的照護」
作者：
Lim Sheow Lei 博士
醫學士（澳洲，榮譽學位）
MRCP（英國）
醫學博士（英國）
